True.
When a government's spending is greater than it's revenues (income) then you accumulate a debt. This is also known as a budget deficit, as deficit means the amount by which a sum of money is too small.
30% were unemployed by the start of 1933.
The Romans (Julius Cease 55 B.C.)
The Anglo-Saxons (449 A.D.)
The Vikings (793 A.D.)
The Normans (French; 1066 A.D. Battle of Hastings)
There are actually two New Deals: the first one launched in 1933. The second, and most aggressive and famous one, launched in 1935