Breast milk composition and frequency of demand feedings separate a carrying species from a nesting species.
<h3>What does patterns of parental care mean?</h3>
The patterns of parental care can be defined as stimuli that shape the relationship between parent and offspring in different species.
Carrying species are those species where parent care do not involve building nests for their offspring (conversely to nesting species).
In conclusion, breast and demand feedings separate a carrying species from a nesting species.
Learn more about nesting species here:
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Answer:
Hello!
The answer is b. inadequate calorie intake and inadequate carbohydrate storage
Explanation:
Our body requires energy to carry out daily activities and body functions. This energy is available to the body in three forms:
- carbohydrates
- fats
- proteins
Carbohydrates are the first and most readily available source of energy as starch and complex carbohydrates and sugars are immediately broken down into glucose which is available for body cells. Excess glucose is also stored as glycogen in the muscles. During exercise, carbohydrates, particularly, glucose are the first sources of energy for the body.
Fats provide the highest energy of all three (9 kilocalories compared to 4 of protein and carbohydrates). Fats are stored in the body in the form of adipose tissues or body fat. Any excess energy is readily stored by the body in the form of fats.
As proteins are not stored by the body, they are the last to be broken down during strenuous or prolonged exercise. Protein, particularly the skeletal muscle is the last to be used for energy in case of low calorie intake and inadequate carbohydrate stores.
The are 4 glands in the endocrine system. The thyroid gland, pineal gland, parathyroid gland, and the pituitary gland.
Energy flows from living systems into the physical environment only.
