citizen.
This is an example of a permanent resident, or PR.
A state has self-government, or is part of a larger self-governing whole (like a Federal government).
A colony is ruled by an outside power, and does not have the power to make its own laws.
The RAF had over 50 radar stations across Britain which could find out about future attacks before the German aircraft managed to reach the coasts of Britain. This enabled them to prepare counter-attacks and their defense and ultimately rendered the German airforce completely useless. This is why Germans never managed to conquer the island.
Answer:
France under the Ancien Régime (before the French Revolution) divided society into three estates: the First Estate (clergy); the Second Estate (nobility); and the Third Estate (commoners). The king was considered part of no estate.
. International: struggle for hegemony and Empire outstrips the fiscal resources of the state
2. Political conflict: conflict between the Monarchy and the nobility over the “reform” of the tax system led to paralysis and bankruptcy.
3. The Enlightenment: impulse for reform intensifies political conflicts; reinforces traditional aristocratic constitutionalism, one variant of which was laid out in Montequieu’s Spirit of the Laws; introduces new notions of good government, the most radical being popular sovereignty, as in Rousseau’s Social Contract [1762]; the attack on the regime and privileged class by the Literary Underground of “Grub Street;” the broadening influence of public opinion.
4. Social antagonisms between two rising groups: the aristocracy and the bourgeoisie
5. Ineffective ruler: Louis XVI
6. Economic hardship, especially the agrarian crisis of 1788-89 generates popular discontent and disorders caused by food shortages.
