A. Italy’s location on the Mediterranean between Western Europe the Byzantine empire and Arab world made it a crossroads of trade and culture.
Explanation:
Italy had an excellent location and excellent geography when it comes to the development of trade. The reason for this is that the Italian city-state were situated on a peninsula in between Western Europe, Byzantium, and the Arab world, thus in the middle of the trade. Having excellent ports, these city-states used the opportunity and developed very well, becoming very wealthy and powerful, with the likes of Venice and Genoa becoming real powerhouses.
It would be the "the preamble" that implies a plan of action and lists certain things to be changed, since the introduction is far more general in exclaiming why in fact they are claiming independence.
