The literary device that Gordimer employs in the excerpt is Imagery.
Imagery is a literary device used to represent objects, actions, and ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses. Usually it is thought that imagery makes use of particular words that create visual representation of ideas in our minds.
Srry i'm soo late but the answer is A. President McKinley's desire for war.
Hope i Helped :)
Answer:
Option: C. Radicals
Explanation:
The former Confederates had to swear an oath of allegiance after the Civil War. It promoted by Radical Republicans to prevent the political activity of Confederate veterans and supporters in the South. A confederate person had to swear to support and defend the Constitution of the United States.