Answer:
Transcendentalism is an American literary, political, and philosophical movement of the early nineteenth century, centered around Ralph Waldo Emerson. Other important transcendentalists were Henry David Thoreau, Margaret Fuller, Amos Bronson Alcott, Frederic Henry Hedge, and Theodore Parker. Stimulated by English and German Romanticism, the Biblical criticism of Herder and Schleiermacher, and the skepticism of Hume, the transcendentalists operated with the sense that a new era was at hand. They were critics of their contemporary society for its unthinking conformity, and urged that each person find, in Emerson's words, “an original relation to the universe” (O, 3). Emerson and Thoreau sought this relation in solitude amidst nature, and in their writing. By the 1840s they, along with other transcendentalists, were engaged in the social experiments of Brook Farm, Fruitlands, and Walden; and, by the 1850s in an increasingly urgent critique of American slavery.
Explanation:
Children were viewed as noble savages with an intrinsic plan for orderly, healthy growth by the French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau in the 18th century. Stage and maturation are ideas that are part of Rousseau's philosophy.
A fictionalized representation of an uncivilized man, the noble savage represents the inherent goodness of a person who has not been subjected to civilization's corrupting forces.
A recurring motif in Romantic literature from the 18th and 19th centuries, particularly in Jean-Jacques Rousseau's writings, is the exaltation of the noble barbarian. For instance, Émile, ou, De l' education, 4 vol. (1762), is a lengthy essay on the corrupting effects of conventional education; Confessions (written in 1765–1770), an autobiography, affirms the fundamental idea of human goodness; and Dreams of noble savages a Solitary Walker (written in 1777–1778), a book of nature descriptions and man's natural reaction to them, are both found in Dreams of a Solitary Walker.
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