Answer:
The Seljuks.
Explanation:
The Seljuk are a people of Turkic origin. Armies of the Seljuk Empire clashed with the forces of the Byzantine Empire at the Manzikert Plains on August 26, 1071 AD. The Byzantine army was crushed and slaughtered by the victorious Seljuks. Emperor Romanos IV Diogenes was taken captive. The Byzantine strength was seriously weakened and Turkmens took control of Anatolia, where they spread.
The correct answer is A, NAFTA
There is a number of ways that Portugal and other European nations tried to challenge Spanish power:
1. illegal trade with Spanish colonies - given that Spain forbade any nation to trade with their colonies in the Americas, they had to do it illegally, without Spanish knowledge. Smugglers had a special role in this given that they did most of the work
2. pirates - these nations tried to do everything in their power to diminish the authority Spain had in the Americas. This is why they resorted to privateers - that is just a fancy name for pirates who preyed on Spanish ships in order to steal their treasure
Freedom Summer, also known as Mississippi Summer Program was a volunteer campaign whose main goal was to enable African-American voters to vote in Mississippi which was famous for not allowing voters due to their race.