I believe the term for two similar chromosomes would be homologous chromosomes.
Solar energy.
This is because the solar energy arrives and is trapped as radiation and heat.
it wasn't just the earthquake that did damage. the magnitude of the quake caused a tsunami to form which hit shore and caused the more catastrophic damage.
Long term- can effect reproduction ,system failure and death to marine life
Short term-a chemical that touches the water can it can effect wild life or residents
around it