You need to give more information on the question.
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Sahara dessert is the answer
If I remember correctly the opium wars resulted in china being figuratively split up by european powers. So, I'd go with 4.
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Founding father of Liberalism John Lock based his views off Christianity which where many atheists base thier morality off and Islam bought many advancement in science and mathematics, women's rights, animal and environmental rights.
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When the Zhou Dynasty was established, King Wu of Zhou needed to find a way to legitimize his rule. Thus, the concept of the Mandate of Heaven was formulated. According to historical records, King Wu of Zhou was a benevolent ruler who became a model for subsequent emperors.
Explanation: