I would say b. Bitter opposition to a U.S. war.
The correct answer here is the second option.
When the US helped the Panamanian people win their independence from Columbia they got the rights to build and operate the Panama Canal in perpetuity. But Panamanian people had no say in this and thus over time they wanted it back. After the riots, which were also presumably instigated by the soviet agitators, the conflict arose between Panama and the US. So, because of the riots a new deal was made.
It would be "local government" that collects sales taxes, along with many of the other smaller taxes that are collected on a daily basis and that are often included in sale pricing.
The ¡Kung San is a society of hunters and gatherers of Africa, which survives in several African countries (Botswana, Namibia, Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe and South Africa), whose society and culture are similar to the Eskimos, where women have a role very important because they are the harvesters of fruits, roots, while men hunt with arrows to obtain meat. Riches are collective because they depend a lot on each other. The ¡Kung consider the Earth, the first mother of all the inhabitants of the tribe, and gender roles are not immutable, being able to hunt women and collect men.
McNary-Haugen help farmers