Their customs were outdated, the advancements of weaponry and technology by the europeans and americans frightened the japanese of invasion, hence opening its trade ports to adopt these new innovations by the Europeans and the Americans.
Answer:
1) They have councils that create new laws.
4) They have elected councils.
5) They are the basic government structures of cities and towns.
East is forward, west is backwards
She became the first woman to run the Boston Marathon as an officially registered competitor:)