On the second problem, it would most likely be A
The author is using a type of figurative language called personification. Personification is when you give human characteristics or traits to something that is non human. When the author writes, "<span>the sea licked greedy lips in the shadows." the author is giving the sea human characteristics. The sea does not actually have lips.</span>
Item - category. Baltimore oriole is one type of item in the larger category of birds