1. The <em>Enlightenment</em> brought new political concepts such as <em>citizenship, natural rights, nation </em>and<em> consent</em> to the political life of the eighteenth century. These ideas were very influential in the development of the United States. The <em>Revolutionary War</em> and the beginning of the nation reexamined ideas of <em>democratic rule</em>, and questioned the concept of rulers as being mandated by God. Instead, it stated that government ruled as a result of a <em>contract</em> with the people, with whom <em>sovereignty</em> resides.
2. The <em>Connecticut Compromise</em> and the <em>Three-Fifths Compromise</em>. The Connecticut Compromise was a way to bring together the <em>Virginia Plan</em> and the <em>New Jersey Plan</em>. Its main contribution was to outline how the Senate was to be constituted. The Three-Fifths Compromise, on the other hand, dealt with the issue of whether slaves were to be counted as population for the purposes of representation of the states in Congress. It stated that three out of every five slaves were to be counted as a person for this purpose.
3. The preamble of the U. S. Constitution states the purposes and principles that guide the document. It also serves as an opening statement and introduction.
4. A<em> federal system </em>is one that divides the power of the nation between the national (federal) government and the local government (states). It was adopted by the U. S. because of the country's origin, as it was seen as a way to maintain some independence between the thirteen colonies. It was also chosen because of the system's ability to cater to specific regional needs in large and diverse countries.
