The body's nonspecific defiance against invading pathogens is known as innate immunity and includes the following:
mechanical barriers and surface secretions
1. The intact skin and mucous membranes of the body. These provide a high degree of protection against pathogens.
2. The sebaceous secretions and sweat of the skin contain bactericidal and fungicidal fatty acids that can kill bacteria and fungi.
3. Normal bacterial flora of the skin may produce various antimicrobial substances such as bacteriocines and acids.
Humoral defence mechanisms
1. Lysozyme. This is an enzyme found in most tissue fluids apart from cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and sweat. It can kill bacteria.
2. Interferon. Inhibits viruses from replicating
3. Complement. This is a heat labile serum that can destroy gram-negative bacteria.
Cellular Respiration is the making of energy in the mitochondria. Photosynthesis is the production of oxygen in the chloroplasts. Their reactants are the products of each other.
Clean Air Act (CAA), US Federal law, passed in 1970 and later amended, to prevent air pollution and thereby protect the ozone layer and and promote public health. The clean air act gave the federal environmental protection agency the power it needed to take effective action to fight environmental pollution. Hope this helps シ
Answer:
Generally, planets closer to the sun are rocky whereas planets further away are made of gasses because as the planets formed, the planets closer to the sun had their gasses were stripped away due to the heat of the sun, whereas planets slightly further away
Explanation:
Answer:
The cross is as follows:
P: D/d × d/d
Explanation:
Half of the F1 progeny are mutant. The mutation results in 3 cotyledons is dominant and the original mutant is heterozygous.
If D denotes the mutant allele and d denotes the wild type allele.
The cross is as follows:
P: D/d × d/d
F1 denotes D/d three cotyledons
d/d denote two cotyledons
