Answer:
The fragment and plasmid are both cut with the same restriction enzyme.
Explanation:
To insert a piece of DNA in a bacterial plasmid, we need to cut both plasmid and DNA insert from same regions. This is typically done by restriction enzymes or restriction endonuclease. This cutting will open the plasmid (which is circular initially) and produce <u>sticky ends.</u> Here, DNA insert can attach because of similar sequence (see attached figure). In the final step, DNA ligase will glue it in the plasmid and it will become its part. This technique has been extensively used as a DNA recombinant technology. A better representation can be seen in the attached figure where both DNA sequence of interest and plasmid are cut with the same restriction enzyme (shown as scissors) and then ligated with DNA ligase.
For a reaction to occur, substrate particles need to collide with each other with enough force (To overcome activation energy), at the right orientation for a successful collision, causing a reaction to occur.
Enzyme catalysts are a type of protein that has a specific 3 dimensional conformation. They have specific reaction sites called active sites. Substrates collides with the enzyme and binds to the active site if it fits to the specific 3 dimensional conformation. This allows bonds to be either formed or broken for reactions to occur.
This process provides an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy to enable the rate of reaction to increase.
Answer:
1:2:1 is the genotype ratio
Metaphase is a stage of mitosis in the eukaryotic cell cycle in which chromosomes are at their second-most condensed and coiled stage (they are at their most condensed in anaphase).
