Answer:
The idea that reason is the primary source of authority and legitimacy, and advocated such ideals as liberty, progress, tolerance, fraternity, constitutional government, and separation of church and state.
Explanation:
The Enlightenment brought political modernization to the west, in terms of focusing on democratic values and institutions and the creation of modern, liberal democracies. Enlightenment thinkers sought to curtail the political power of organized religion, and thereby prevent another age of intolerant religious war.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
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B. (Public) opinion polls
Answer: The Colonists were able to defeat the British in the American Revolution because of their brilliant strategies, helpful friends from another country, and most importantly, their desire for liberty.
Explanation:
The period from the 1500s to the 1600s, also known as the Protestant Reformation, was caused by both the unification of church and state and Catholicism's complete domination of religion. Its major influence was Martin Luther, a monk who became famous for posting his 95 Theses on Indulgences on the church door. Other contributors were Zwingli, Calvin, Erasmus, etc., who all created their own philosophies. Although Luther believed that the church should be reformed, not destroyed, the power of the papacy eventually waned, Its formerly powerful religious following fractured into many weaker Protestant branches that would disagree extensively in the years to come.