<span>Europeans began to think differently about the world beyond their own. The age of exploration and discovery began.</span>
It would be mostly "idealism" that was <span>more important in driving American foreign policy in the years 1895 to 1920, since this was a time when the US had largely finished expansion and instead was focused on liberation--as was the case in Cuba. </span>
The USA wanted to prevent areas of the world falling under Communist influence. The Cold War was at its height in the late 1940s and early 1950s, when the French appealed to the USA for aid. The US government saw Vietnam as another Korea.
I think it is the Microscope. Robert Hooke was a scientist who came up with the law of elasticity, the Hooke's law as well his pioneering work using the microscope to document observations of a variety of samples in his book. Hook published a book Micrographia, an accurate and detailed record of his observations through his microscope.
