Stem cells are special human cells that can form into many different cell types, from muscle cells to brain cells. They also have the ability to repair damaged tissues .It also use in treatment of brain and spinal cord.
Further Explanation:
Stem cell
Stem cells are special human cells that can form into many different cell types, from muscle cells to brain cells. In some cases, they also have the ability to repair damaged tissues. Specialists accept that undifferentiated cell based treatments may one day be utilized to treat destroying sicknesses like loss of motion and Alzheimer's infection. Although the research is still in its infancy, professionals believe stem cells are an ideal answer to contribute to spinal cord treatment and repair. The two main characteristics of stem cells, which make them so well-suited for this use, is
1. their ability for self-renewal, and
2. their ability to become any cell in any organism with ease.
Types of stem cells
Stem cells are divided into two main types: embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. The embryonic stem cells used in research today come from unused embryos resulting from an in vitro fertilization procedure and that are donated to science. These embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, meaning that they can turn into more than one type of cell.
There are two types of adult stem cells. One type comes from fully developed tissues, like the brain, skin, and bone marrow. There are only small numbers of stem cells in these tissues, and they are more likely to generate only certain types of cells. For example, a stem cell derived from the liver will only generate more liver cells.
The subsequent kind is prompted pluripotent undeveloped cells. These are grown-up undeveloped cells that have been controlled in a research facility to take on the pluripotent attributes of embryonic foundational microorganisms. Researchers initially revealed that human foundational microorganisms could be reconstructed along these lines in 2006. Albeit prompted pluripotent foundational microorganisms don't have all the earmarks of being clinically not quite the same as embryonic undifferentiated cells, researchers have not yet discovered one that can build up each sort of cell and tissue.
Spinal cord
The spinal line is the sensitive tissue encased in and secured by the hard vertebrae of the spinal section. Together the mind and spinal line structure the body's central nervous system.
The spinal cord is comprised of a huge number of nerve cells that convey sign to and from the mind and into different parts of the body. This information allows us to sit, run, go to the toilet and breathe.
Using of stem cell in treatment of spinal cord
The spinal cord is a collection of millions of nerve cells (neurons) inside our spine that sends signals to and from the brain. Damage to this significant and sensitive tissue is often permanent and can result in paralysis.
There are presently no effective treatments for reestablishing spinal cord function.
However, several current clinical studies are testing the safety and viability of stem cells as treatments. These treatments hope to at least partially restore function to the spinal cord. Several studies have shown promising results, but definitive outcomes are still unknown.
Challenges in treatment
Most stem cell treatments presently in clinical trials depend on transplanted stem cells to automatically repair damaged areas of the spinal cord. It’s not known how reliable and reproducible this treatment will be for various patients and types of injuries.
Stem cell treatments for spinal cords are thought to work best if offered in the short time-frame after an injury. Scarring at the site of damage can hinder the effectiveness of a treatment, so this also needs to be addressed.
It isn’t yet clear how much function can be restored with the stem cell treatments presently in clinical trials
Subject: Health
Level: Middle School
Keywords: Stem cells, types, Spinal cord, Using of stem cell in treatment of spinal cord, Challenges in treatment
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