The answer is "a) The law was the first direct tax imposed on the American colonists."
The Progressivism accomplish the populist agenda by including not only the political leaders but also academic people, educators, large farmers, business men and both women and black activists. All these groups shared a basic beliefs to solve the many social, economic and political problems that faced the rapidly modernizing nation by then.
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark and Sacagawea
The plessy decision had tremendous effect in society at large at the time as it legitimized racial segregation on an institutional level.
By separating public facilities such as schools and going as far to even exclude black people from transiting public space like many beaches, restaurants and hotels, African-American institutions were effectively put at a huge disadvantage in every regard. Some of the consequences were a massive peak in aliteracy within the black community, for example, and the denial to their political leaders from continuing to advance in a system that removed their ability to further participate. In the south, they also were almost completely erased from voting registrations.
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Number 1 but realise I'm not an expert but from what I learnt luke was a jew and a pharisee