Question

the nile in Egypt and the eupharates river in Mesopotamia provide rich fertile soil that allowed civilization to

Answer 1

Grow crops.

This is because of the rick soil and of course back in the days there wasn't really shipping trades that we have today so they have to grow their own food. Back then, there was a lot of colonists or immigrants that we call them that came to different countries including Egypt and in order for them to live they have to grow crops. 
Growing crops is a major thing in life because that is where we mostly get our food source from.  <span />