Crusades affected the Eastern church adversely as it faced the brunt of the warfare.
Explanation:
During the crusades, which were called by the Pope in the west, the western knights would go and pillage the cities in the<u> East and then other empires of the region would come and claim the lands again.</u>
The Eastern Churches were stuck in between this constant warfare and faced the brunt of the crusades often because<u> the crusaders could simply just go away again if they had to but the East was closer to the fighting spots.</u>
Answer:
8. Nationalism
9. Britain, France, Belgium, Portugal, Germany, Spain, Italy
10. Sphere of influence is a diplomatic term used to describe a foreign power economically, culturally, and militarily using it's influence in another country outside of it's own.
The money and goods involved in a marriage are called <u>dowry</u>. The basic purpose of a dowry has been to bring some protection for the wife against violence and abuse by her husband and his family. Also, the dowry may serve to help the new couple to establish a home. This was more common in societies where the marriage of very young people has been arranged. Also, a dowry provides the wife with the resources in case of her man's death.
In the Middle Ages, the dowry had the function to enhance the value of a woman for marriage and increase power and wealth of great families. Dowries virtually disappeared in Europe in the XIX and XX century.
