Although there are no options attached, we can comment on the following.
One way in which African states or societies changed as a result of the spread of Islam in the period circa 1200 to 1450 was the way the culture had to adapt to Muslim customs. Let's set the example of the Mali Empire.
The Mali Empire started in 1240 and ended in 1645 CE. It was Sundiata who decided to centralize the government, developed a great army and established the presence of Islam in the Empire, which intermingled with previous African religious beliefs. It was Mansa Musa who took the empire to new levels of development, controlling the trade routes of the time and increasing the power and presence of the Mali Empire.
Economics is a social science that studies how goods and services are distributed, consumed, and produced.
Option (c) is the correct answer.
<h3>Who is Adam Smith?</h3>
He was Scottish, an economist, and a philosopher. He wrote a book called The Wealth of Nations, which discussed how wealth is generated. He is widely regarded as the founding father of modern economics.
As a result, option (c) is not accurate that he was a driving force behind the American Declaration of Independence.
For more information about Adam Smith, refer below
brainly.com/question/1590146
