The correct answer of the question is Fraud.
The unintentional misstatement or nondisclosure of a material fact made by one party with the hope of influencing the other party amounts to: Fraud.
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What is Fraud?</h3>
- It is a form of deception or an unlawful gain.
- It is an intentional form of deception that can have various criminal consequences.
- There are various kinds of frauds like bank fraud, insurance fraud etc..
- It is committed with the intention of gaining an unauthorized benefit.
- it can occur in various domains like finance, real estate, insurance etc.
- Usually a fraud can lead the person to have legal consequences and the victim can sue the person or organization which was involved with the crime.
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Currency that derives its value from the amount printed on it is known as fiat money.
<h3>What is fiat money?
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Fiat money is currency whose value is not backed up by any asset. The value of fiat money is dependent on the amount printed on it. This differs from representative money whose value depends on the value of the metal from which it is made from.
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Answer:
1. <em>Holders of the stock are entitled to receive current and all past dividends before common stockholders receive any dividends</em> - Cumulative Shares
Holders of Cumulative Shares will always receive the dividends owed to them because even if they do not get it in a particular period, the dividends will accrue until the company is able to pay them.
2. <em>Holders of the stock can receive dividends exceeding the stated rate under certain conditions - </em>Participating Shares
Participating Shareholders are eligible to receive an extra dividend provided that there is surplus profit after all the other dividends have been paid off.
<em>3. Holders of the stock are not entitled to receive dividends in excess of the stated rate. - </em>Non- Participating Shares
Even if there are surplus profits after all other dividends have been paid off, these holders are not entitled to that profit.
<em>4. Holders of the stock lose any dividends that are not declared in the current year - </em>Non- Cumulative Shares
If their dividend is not declared in a certain period, they will forfeit that dividend for the period.
<span>Business organizations I bet. Hope this helps. :)</span>
