Black codes were restrictive laws designed to limit the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force after slavery was abolished during the Civil War. Under black codes, many states required Black people to sign yearly labor contracts; if they refused, they risked being arrested, fined and forced into unpaid labor.
Even as former enslaved people fought to assert their independence and gain economic autonomy during the earliest years of Reconstruction. While the codes granted certain freedoms to African Americans—including the right to buy and own property, marry, make contracts and testify in court (only in cases involving people of their own race)—their primary purpose was to restrict Black peoples’ labor and activity. Black people who broke labor contracts were subject to arrest, beating and forced labor, and apprenticeship laws forced many minors into unpaid labor for white planters.
It means to specify children born in a new country to japanese born immigrants. Hope I Helped!
I think it’s the Judicial
Hope that helped sorry if it’s wrong :)
By far the most financially profitable West Indian colonies in 1800 belonged to Britain. The handful of British individuals who became planters made small fortunes. This advantage was reinforced when France lost its most important colony, Saint Dominigue (now Haiti), to a slave revolt in 1791.
