C. Cut out the insulin gene from human DNA.
this is done with an enzyme called lygase
Base substitutions, deletions, and insertions are the three different forms of DNA mutations.
A mutation is a long-lasting alteration to the DNA's nucleotide sequence that can occur during replication and/or recombination. Damaged DNA can change by base pair replacement, deletion, or insertion. The majority of the time, mutations are benign, unless they result in tumor growth or cell death. Cells have developed systems for repairing damaged DNA due to the deadly potential of DNA mutations.
Different Mutations
Base substitutions, deletions, and insertions are the three different forms of DNA mutations.
1. Base Replacements
Point mutations are single nucleotide replacements; you may recall the point mutation Glu ——-> Val is the culprit of sickle cell anemia. There are two types of point mutations, the most prevalent of which are.
Transition and Transversion.
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Answer:
A. The mutation will become more common
Explanation:
Answer:
have curved protofilaments at their plus ends
Explanation:
Microtubules are polymers of tubulin proteins that function as the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells. Microtubules are dynamic structures that can grow and shrink at a rapid rate. During this process, tubulin subunits can associate and dissociate at the plus end of the protofilament. Tubulin subunits bind to two GTP molecules, one of which is hydrolyzed to GDP after assembly. When microtubules are unstable, protofilaments curl outwards because GDP-bound tubulin has a weak affinity (thereby curving it) and disassemble. The dynamic stability of microtubules is regulated by a feedback loop: when microtubules shrink, free tubulin concentration increases and microtubules start to grow. As microtubules grow, free tubulin concentration decreases and the rate of GTP-tubulin addition also decreases.
In arteriosclerosis, overproduction of abnormal collagen and decreased quantities of elastin lead to Decreased coronary artery perfusion.
Arteriosclerosis is a condition in which the arteries, which transport oxygen and nutrients from the heart to the rest of the body, thicken and stiffen, often limiting blood flow to the organs and tissues. Flexible and elastic arteries indicate good health. However, the artery walls can stiffen over time, a phenomenon known as arterial hardening.
The accumulation of lipids, cholesterol, and other chemicals in and on the artery walls is known as atherosclerosis. The accumulation is known as plaque. Atherosclerosis can constrict the arteries and obstruct blood flow. The plaque may rupture and cause a blood clot.
Symptoms of arteriosclerosis:
- chest pressure or discomfort (angina)
- sudden numbness or weakness in the arms or legs.
- speech slurs or speaking difficulties.
- vision briefly lost in one eye.
- weakened facial muscles
- ache while walking.
- elevated blood pressure
- renal failure
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