An "inference" refers to a conclusion based on the evidences gathered or presented.
<em>Frederick Douglas</em> is an American abolitionist and social reformer. He's popular for escaping slavery in Maryland. He had a few escape attempts before successfully gaining his freedom.
The quote above was spoken by Douglas when he <u>carefully thought about his condition as a slave and how it tormented him. </u>As he became more educated and started reading books, he was awakened of the horrors of being a slave. Thus, he realized that he needed to escape and do something about slavery. Upon escaping, he settled with his wife and became an abolitionist and preacher.