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Andreas93 [3]
3 years ago
5

Treadmiling contributes to actin based motility

Biology
1 answer:
Katena32 [7]3 years ago
5 0

La actina es una familia de proteínas globulares que forman los microfilamentos, uno de los tres componentes fundamentales del citoesqueleto de las células de los organismos eucariotas (también denominados eucariontes). Puede encontrarse comomonómero en forma libre, denominada actina G, o como parte de polímeros lineales denominados microfilamentos o actina F, que son esenciales para funciones celulares tan importantes como la movilidad y la contracción de la célula durante la división celular.

De la importancia capital de la actina da cuenta el hecho de que en el contenido proteico de una célula supone siempre un elevado porcentaje y que su secuencia está muy conservada, es decir, que ha cambiado muy poco a lo largo de la evolución.2 3Por ambas razones se puede decir que su estructura ha sido optimizada. Sobre ésta se pueden destacar dos rasgos peculiares: es una enzima que hidroliza ATP, la "moneda universal de la energía" de los procesos biológicos, haciéndolo muy lentamente. Pero al mismo tiempo necesita de esa molécula para mantener su integridad estructural. Adquiere su forma eficaz en un proceso de plegamiento casi dedicado. Además es la que establece más interacciones con otras proteínas de cuantas se conocen, lo que le permite desempeñar las más variadas funciones que alcanzan a casi todos los aspectos de la vida celular. La miosina es un ejemplo de proteína que une actina. Otro ejemplo es la vilina, que puede entrelazar la actina en haces o bien cortar los filamentos de actina, dependiendo de la concentración de catión calcio en su entorno.<span>4</span>

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