This is an example of negative reinforcement.
Her mother scolded her every time Jane bit her nails - so Jane learned that every time she bites her nails, she is going to be scolded sternly by her mother. In order to avoid that, she stopped biting her nails, and thus the reinforcement was successful.
Answer:
Free will
Explanation:
Free will is the idea that behavior is caused by voluntary conscious decisions.
Even though this concept has been controversial for a long time, in philosophy, <u>free will</u> refers to the idea that <u>a person has freedom to exhibit a specific behavior</u> or take an action, that is, the person is in control of their own choices and actions.
<em>Simple examples: </em>
- <em>Dropping out of college because you prefer to work.</em>
- <em>Getting dessert even when you're on a diet.</em>
In these examples, you are in charge of your own choices and are completely conscious about the decision you will make.
Answer:
B) athletes
Explanation:
Considering the lifestyles of athletes, we can assume that associating with them should reduce the risk of victimization. Athletes tend to work out during the day or the afternoons and tend to rest at night. They also smoke less and consume less alcohol and other types of drugs.
The lifestyle theory of victimology states that the chances of an individual suffering from a crime depend heavily on their own lifestyle. For example, most crimes happen at night, so people who like to hang out at night are more likely to suffer some type of victimization.
This theory also states that the percentage of criminals is very small (compared to society as a whole) and their crimes are unevenly distributed. This creates places with high risk of criminal occurrence. The lifestyle of individuals can determine the likelihood of being a victim or being a criminal specially through exposure to certain situations.
