1. A trait is an element of personality that is relatively stable throughout the lifespan and across contexts. And Characteristics is a description of someone’s or something’s features.
2. Technically yes
(Sorry I didn’t know #3)
4. It’s a gene
Answer:
Vaccination involves showing the immune system something which looks very similar to a particular virus or bacteria, which helps the immune system be stronger when it is fighting against the real infection.
Explanation: "it is what it is".
Sometimes it can be very difficult and sometimes it can be very easy.