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<span>C. It allowed for expansion of slavery into the North</span>
The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass-production of steel from molten pig iron prior to the open hearth furnace. The key principle is removal of impurities from the iron by oxidation with air being blown through the molten iron. The oxidation also raises the temperature of the iron mass and keeps it molten.
Related decarburizing with air processes had been used outside of Europe for hundreds of years, but not on an industrial scale.[1] One such process has existed since the 11th century in East Asia, where the scholar Shen Kuo describes its use in the Chinese iron and steel industry.[2][3] In the 17th century, accounts by European travelers detailed its possible use by the Japanese.[4]
The modern process is named after its inventor, the Englishman Henry Bessemer, who took out a patent on the process in 1856.[5] The process was claimed to be independently discovered in 1851 by the American inventor William Kelly,[4][6] though there is little to back up this claim.[7][8][9][10]
The process using a basic refractory lining is known as the "basic Bessemer process" or "Gilchrist-Thomas process" after the discoverer Sidney Gilchrist Thomas
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Today is Women’s Equality Day, a day commemorating the certification of the 19th Amendment, which granted U.S. women the right to vote. On August 26, 1920, more than 26 million women had their citizenship affirmed and gained a mechanism to empower themselves, their families, and their communities.
The 19th Amendment played a pivotal role in promoting reproductive rights for women, ushering in a new voting population with a political agenda that would ultimately legalize contraception and abortion. Women also experienced economic progress as a result, with the increased availability of family-planning services and supplies allowing more women to enroll in higher education and enter professional occupations.
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