Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable memberane from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential.
so in the first case, since 10% of sucrose solution has a lower water potential than the pure water, so water molecules will flow into the sac, causing the sac to increase in volume. note that sucrose molecules can't diffuse out since there's a semi-permeable membrane.
in the question, I'm not 100% sure what the "sac solution" is meant by, but I guess it's the solution inside the sac
so here if the sac sucrose is 20%, the concentration of water is larger in difference than the first time, so osmosis rate will increase.
but if the "sac solution" is meant by replacing the water of the first case, then the sac inside would have a higher water potential, as the sucrose concentration is more diluted. then the water molecules will flow from the sac back to the beaker or whatever container it is.
Answer:The Umayyad caliphate came into existence first since it was established in 661. The Umayyad dynasty enjoyed dominance and political power up to 750 CE. The Abbasid caliphate came into power later on after Umayyad. Abbasid was actually the direct party that took power from Umayyad dynasty.
