Some of the aspects that help you determine whether a study is rigorous are questions and hypotheses that can be answered, adequated method use, and bibliography.
Rigorous is a term that refers to a quality that focuses on accuracy and precision to comply with norms, precepts, and pre-established rules. This term is widely used in science to refer to the precision of a study or investigation.
Therefore, when it is established that a study is rigorous, its attributes must be taken into account, such as:
- Questions and hypotheses that can be answered: This aspect refers to the investigator having the ability to limit his study so that it is appropriate to do so and does not include too much information that makes his study "impossible".
- Adequated methods use: This refers to using the appropriate methods to reach feasible conclusions, for example, methods of observation, deduction, induction, among others.
- Bibliography: This refers to the research or study being supported by reliable sources so that it is as accurate as the information it provides.
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Answer:
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Explanation:
I c have a true conclusion for my head but I think it is a good way for me to get
A mass extinction event occurs when a species disappears far more quickly than it is replaced. This is typically understood as the loss of around 75% of all species over a "short" period of geological time, or fewer than 2.8 million years.
An enormous number of species were wiped out by a harsh, worldwide, swift, and selective event is mass extinction. According to marine fossils, at least 75% of all species are thought to have become extinct. The most recent mass extinction is the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event, which is also the only one that can be proven to have been caused by a significant asteroid impact. All non-avian dinosaur species, making up about 76 percent of all species on the earth, perished during mass extinction. The Chicxulub asteroid impact in what is now Mexico, which occurred 66 million years ago, caused an ecosystem collapse that resulted in the extinction of the dinosaurs and >75% of all land and sea species as well as the macroevolution of mammals.
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Answer:
Explanation:
The cell membrane separates the cell from the outer environment. The extracellular fluid contains the sodium ions (Na+), chloride ions (Cl-), while intracellular fluid contains potassium (K +) and negative anions.
The potential difference arises when the membrane is selectively permeable to some ions. The resting potential is -70mV.
When the neurons get excited, the sodium ions start to enter by sodium channels.
Now there are more positive ions inside the cell membrane. It disturbs the resting potential i.e. -70mV. This stage is known as depolarization.
When the inside environment of the cell is more positively charged, the potassium ions start to move out of the cell. It goes out by the voltage-gated channels. Thus resting stage is maintained and it is known as repolarization.
But the initial stability of the cell membrane has to be maintained. To restore the resting stage, the sodium ions start to move out of the membrane and potassium ions enter into the cells again. This is an active transport and has done by the Na+ - K+ pump. Here 3 sodium ions move out and 2 potassium ions pumped into the cell through the plasma membrane.
Thus the resting potential regains. The potassium ions come back into the cells against the concentration gradient and ATP provides the energy for this phenomena.
