The gate control theory of pain states that the experience of pain is dependent on the complex interaction of the central and the peripheral nervous system. This theory was given by Ronald Melzack and Patrick Wall.
Usually, when a person experiences pain, the neurons transmits the message from the area of damage along the peripheral nervous system to the spinal cord and the brain. The gate control theory suggests that the neurons encounter the 'nerve gates' while transmitting the pain messages in the spinal cord. These opening and closing of these gates is dependent on the multiple factors.
The basket cells are the multipolar, inhibitory interneurons . Endorphins are the neuropeptide and the peptide hormones, which are secreted by the central nervous system and the pituitary gland. These structures have no relation with the transmission of the pain.
The hyperpolarization of the neurons by the opiate receptors resulting in the release of the substance P, which is a neurotransmitter involved with pain.
Hence, the correct answer is 'by releasing substance P'.
Ser-Arg-Asp-Pro I hope this helped you out!
Monoclonal antibodies are made by the fusion of cells of the immune system with B lymphocytes and myeloma cells.
<h3>What is Hybridoma technology?</h3>
- It is one of the best technologies that is used to produce the monoclonal antibody.
- In this hybridoma technology the B lymphocytes that are antibody producing are isolated from a source after the immunization with a specific antigen and then are fused with myeloma cell line to form hybrid cells that are also called as hybridoma cell lines.
- The hybridoma cell lines are then cultured in the laboratory with specific antigen and then the monoclonal antibodies are produced.
- This can be done in in-vivo or in-vitro condition.
- This method is preferred over all because the production of antibodies by this method is good as the antibodies produced are of high purity and highly sensitive and specific.
- These cell lines can also be preserved for a long time.
- Hybridoma technology has resulted in production of different varieties of monoclonal antibodies with specificity with specific antigens as the monoclonal antibodies are produced by single parental B cells.
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THE STRUCTURE OF THE CELL MEMBRANE
the cell membrane is a thin layer of a partially permable membrane. That protects the cell's organelles and helps to maintain the shape of the cell.
WHAT MATERIALS ENTER OR LEAVE THE CELL MEMBRANE.
since the cell membrane is partially permable, that it only allows some materials to pass through it only nutrients that need to be metabolized or neede by the cell is allowed or permitted to go in the cell either by diffusion or osmosis.
HOW IE ONE METHOD DIFFRENT FROM THE OTHER?
since diffrent materials that go in the cell have different concentrations, sizes, and weights, the method by which they go into the cell will definately be diffrent materials with larger molecules use the osmosis method to go in the cell, while materials with smaller molecules use the diffusion method. I HOPE THIS REALLY HELPED
B) A long time increase in the Earths Average temperature
