The correct answer is - (D) All three countries wanted to win as many new converts to their religion as possible.
As did Spain and England, France as well was trying to spread its religion and beliefs and through it to make a bigger following loyal population that will convert culturally as well as the time passes. In big portion this was successful and they indeed managed to implement their religion and beliefs over the people they colonized, occasionally it was easily accepted by the natives, occasionally force was used, but in general that mission was a success.
One would be nationalism because it forced all nation states to integrate together and become one same culture and religion ,knowing that not all people have the same religion it would disrespectful to that state and imperialism because It made Europeans seek for land to make more empires and establishes territories such as Asia and Africa .Cause conflict between these multiple areas
Muslim merchant communities
Plessy vs. Ferguson was a Supreme Court case that took place in 1896. It all started when Homer Plessy, a man who is 1/8th African American, was asked to move from his seat in the all white section of a train car. Plessy refused to move since he had bought a seat in this section. He was promptly arrested for his refusal to abide by this law.
Homer Plessy would go on to change this law saying that it was unconstitutional. His lawyer argued that this was a violation of his 14th amendment rights. However, the Supreme Court ruled against Plessy. The majority opinion from the Supreme Court stated that this did not violate the 14th amendment as long as the facilities for blacks and whites were "separate but equal."
This ruling drastically changed American society, as other businesses and facilities became segregated by race. These laws would last for almost half a century in the United States.