One trait that protects people from Malaria is Sickle Cell Anemia. The infected cells collapse when plasmodium tries to feed off them and prevents them from getting actin proteins. It guards the host from Malaria.
Another trait is people that are negative for the Duffy blood group have resistance to infections caused by p. vivax (plasmodium vivax).
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Answer:
d It involves the breakdown of land and rock.
Explanation:
The answer is the apoplast, the symplast, and the transmembrane pathway.
1. The apoplast pathway occurs through cell walls and space between cells. So, water does not cross any cell membrane as it travels this pathway.
2. The symplast pathway occurs through the continuum of cytoplasm. So, water travels through plasmodesmata which connect cells.
3. The transmembrane pathway occurs across cell membranes. So, water enters the cell on one side of the membrane and exits on the other.