1.Osteoporosis is a disease in which the bones become weak and are more likely to break. A lifetime diet low in calcium and vitamin D makes you more prone to bone loss.
2. It provides energy, absorbs certain nutrients and maintains your core body temperature.
3.A tendon serves to move the bone or structure.A ligament usually serves to hold structures together and keep them stable.
4.Collagen s responsible for skin strength and elasticity, and its degradation leads to wrinkles that accompany aging.
Density is the number of things which could be people, animals, plants, or objects in a certain area. To calculate density, you divide the number of objects by the measurement of the area. The population density of a country is the number of people in that country divided by the area in square kilometers or miles.
A codon is basically a "word" in the genetic code.
Let's start at the base. A base is the smallest unit of information in genetics. It is a chemical represented by either A, T , C, G or U.
These genetic "letters" are combined into "words" which are called codons. What is useful is that each codon is only made of 3 bases. You'll have CCT, GAT, TTA etc. So what do these words represent? Well they can be instructions, like START or STOP, but usually they represent an amino acid, the LEGO building blocks of proteins. There are around 20 AAs but a bit of maths tells us we have a lot more codon combinations than AAs. This means we have some synonyms where several codons can represent one AA.
To take the analogy further, the codons combine into "sentences" and then "chapters". The chapters are a gene, usually instructions for a complete protein, but some of the sentences are useless and will be ignored when translating into a protein.
Then we have the "Book" which is the chromosome. The reason I like to think of it as a book is that at this point it is a contained unit, a massive molecule. You can separate up your books and even lend one to a friend, but you can't do that with a chapter unless you destroy the book.
Finally you have you "library" or genome. It's not a big collection, 46 books in total, and in fact you have 2 copies of each. It's like inheriting 2 sets of encyclopaedias from your parents. They both have the same information, it is just explained in different ways.
And there is my book analogy of genetics. It's not perfect but works when used on small children.
