4 is the correct answer.
A-D are all characteristics of civilizations. There are a few more, including arts, but the main characteristics of a civilization are a government, religion, social structure, and specialized labor.
The Continental Congress commissioned George Washington as Commander in Chief of the Continental Army on June 19, 1775. Washington was selected over other candidates such as John Hancock based on his previous military experience and the hope that a leader from Virginia could help unite the colonies.
The best answer is, to the rise of totalitarian regimes in some countries.
A surge of totalitarianism could be expected in some European states following the political, social, and economic chaos of World War I and the Great Depression. Totalitarian regimes flourished in countries where fascism and communism were popular, including Germany, Italy, and the Russian Empire. Many leaders used the state's total control of economy and society associated with totalitarianism to address issues of their time which included job shortages, insufficient industry, or even foodstuffs depending on the region.
England was a Protestant nation and Queen Mary of Scotts was a Catholic who was arrested and put to death on orders of Queen Elizabeth. The Spanish wanted to see no more Catholics arrested or executed under protestant rule, so King Phillip ll wanted to take over England and bring it back to its Catholic beliefs.
It affected pietistic Protestant denominations and had a strong element of social activism.
