A) Light dependent and light independent/Dark reaction
Answer:
Every organisms on the planet requires a specific environmental conditions for its growth and survival. If the environmental condition is favorable, the organisms grow fast and if the conditions are not suitable so it adversely affected the organisms. For example, plants grow best at the temperature between 25 to 40 Celsius. If the temperature goes below 25 or above 40, the growth decrease and sometimes the plant dies. So climate and abiotic factors such as temperature, humidity, light intensity etc has a great impact on the organisms.
Answer:
Restriction enzymes (endonucleases) are used to cut the DNA into fragements.
Explanation
Restriction enzymes are obatained from bacteria where they are utilized by bacteria for protection against viruses. Restriction enzymes are used in biotechnology research. There are several restriction enzymes and each cut the DNA at specific site known as recognition site which is usually 4-8 neucleotide long. They produce sticky ends (cutting the both DNA strand on different site) and blunt ends (cutting the both DNA strand on same site) on DNA fragments.