Nail matrix
nail body
free edge nail
nail root
<span>Nails are hard plates of tightly packed keratinized cells. They are clear and cover the dorsal surface of the last phalanges of fingers and toes. Nails protect the the ends of the fingers, allow us to scratch various parts of our body and help us grasping and manipulating small objects.
</span>The site of nail growth is the nail matrix<span> that is found beneath the nail root. The nail matrix is thick and is only composed of the deeper layer of the epidermis: the stratum basale (or germinativum). The keratinization of the cells of the nail matrix proceeds in the absence of a stratum granulosum and lucidum and this results into formation of a of a rigid and durable plate. As the nail matrix thus proliferates and differentiates, this hard plate is pushed forward onto the nail bed and the nail grows.</span>
Answer:
A<u> fungi </u>is a unicellular or multicellular organism that is heterotropic; feeding off dead organic matter or a parasite, feeding off living organisms; reproduces through spores.
Explanation:
FUNGI -: Fungi can be single-celled organisms or multicellular organisms with a great deal of complexity. They can be found in almost any habitat, but the majority of them reside on land, primarily in soil or plant material, rather than in the sea or fresh water. Decomposers are organisms that live in the soil or on dead plant materials and play a vital part in carbon and other element cycling. Some are plant parasites that cause illnesses such mildews, rusts, scabs, and canker. Fungal diseases in crops can cause a farmer to lose a lot of money. Animals are afflicted by a small number of fungus. Athletes' foot, ringworm, and thrush are examples of human skin diseases.
Fungi play an important part in the breakdown of organic materials and in the cycling and exchange of nutrients in the environment. They've long been utilized as a direct source of human food in the form of mushrooms and truffles, as a bread leavening agent, and in the fermentation of a variety of foods like wine, beer, and soy sauce.
<u>Hence , the answer is fungi.</u>
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Answer:
The correct answer is C. The tertiary structure of a polypeptide is the overall three-dimensional shape of a fully folded polypeptide.
Explanation:
A polypeptide is a molecular chain composed of at least 10 amino acids (which are the molecules that make up proteins). When we talk about its tertiary structure, it refers to the complete overall three-dimensional structure of the polypeptide units of a given protein, where the polypeptide chain is fully folded and compacted. This folding is facilitated by unions called disulfide bonds, which are created from the cysteine residues, these bonds (called disulfide bridges as well) help to stabilize many polypeptides.
Answer:
The cell membrane (also called the phospholipid bilayer or the plasma membrane) is one of the most important structures a cell has. If you think of the cell as a really popular nightclub, the membrane is the bouncer. It decides what enters and exits the cell.
Answer:
In addition to biology, evidence drawn from many different disciplines, including chemistry, geology, and mathematics, supports models of the origin of life on Earth. In order to determine when the first forms of life likely formed, the rate of radioactive decay can be used to determine the age of the oldest rocks (see optional problems C and D, below) exposed on Earth’s surface. These are found to be approximately 3.5 billion years old. The age of rocks can be correlated to fossils of the earliest forms of life. A. The graph compares times of divergence from the last common ancestor based on the fossil record with a "molecular time" constructed by comparing sequences of conserved proteins to determine a mutation rate (after Hedges and Kumar, Trends in Genetics, 2003). Explain how such a molecular clock could be refined to infer time or the evolution of prokaryotes. B. Using a molecular clock constructed from 32 conserved proteins, Hedges and colleagues (Battistuzzi et al., BMC Evol. Biol. 2004) estimated the times during which key biological processes evolved. A diagram based on their work is shown. Connect the time of the origin of life inferred from this diagram with the age of the oldest fossil stromatolites and the age of the oldest exposed rock to show how evidence from different scientific disciplines provides support for the concept of evolution. Evaluate the legitimacy of claims drawn from these different disciplines (biology, geology, and mathematics) regarding the origin of life on Earth. The oldest known rocks are exposed at three locations: Greenland, Australia, and Swaziland. The following application of mathematical methods provides essential evidence of the minimum age of Earth.
Explanation:
