Militarism is a political idea that focuses on building a military. It is built around the idea that nations need to have strong militaries if they are to protect the interests of their people. If those interests create a conflict with the interests of another nation, the military is there to solve that through things like wars. Militarism is usually about territorial expansion.
It influenced them because the nations needed colonies in order to stay relevant on the worldwide market and be powerful. Britain and France had numerous colonies while Germany wanted to get some of them and Austria-Hungary and Ottomans had problems with people wanting to become independent. This resulted in all of them heavily focusing on their militaries which eventually brought world war 1.
The answer is: unipolar
Unipolar system refers to a form of international system where one nations' become the most influential power that influence other nations' economy and cultural approach.
This can be seen on the fact that most of communist countries based their whole governmental systems on the system that implemented by the soviet union during the cold war era.
Answer:
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In "death, be not proud." the speaker is addressing his words to "death" himself, whom the author is trying to convey as a jealous and generally bad person.