Ans.
Fungi are eukaryotic (both unicellular and multicellular), heterotropic organisms that depend on plants, animals, or organic dead matter for food. Fungi reproduce either sexually or asexually.
-Mating types show molecular mechanisms to regulate compatibility in sexual reproduction in fungi. The organisms of class basidiomycota, such as club fungi, have bipolar mating system, means they have both positive and negative mating strand. The option 1). correctly matches with D). club fungi.
-The fruiting bodies of fungi are defined as the specialized structures that produce spores. In sac fungi, fruiting bodies are formed sexual reproduction that fills thousands of asci or spores in it. The option 2). correctly matches with C). sac fungi.
-The chytrids show one of the early lineages of fungi. They possess a cell wall of chitin, a flagellum, absorptive structures for nutrition. The option 3). correctly matches with A). chytrids.
- The common molds include various microscopic fungal species, which grow in the form of hyphae (multicellular filamentous structures). They are found nearly everywhere and show all forms of nutrition. They feed from dead organic matter, plants, and animals (as using them hosts). The option 4). correctly matches with B). common molds.
Chemicals that resist changes in ph are called buffers. It involves weak acid or alcali together with its salt. It is also used to maintain a stable ph in a solution. It can neutralize small quantities of additional acid of base.
Light that passes through a polarizing filter is called a vacuum.
A Cell wall is what it says. It is a wall. Nothing is allowed to pass through. A Cell membrane on the other hand is like screen door. It has "Pores" that allow materials in and out.
Assessment for surfactant level via lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio in the amniotic fluid is a direct estimation of fetal maturity. The purpose of surfactant is to prevent the collapsing of the alveoli during expiration.
<h3>Lecithin Sphingomyelin Ratio</h3>
- Clinicians can evaluate fetal lung development using a number of techniques, including the Lecithin-to-Sphingomyelin Ratio (L/S ratio).
- Amniocentesis was used to obtain a sample of amniotic fluid for this biochemical test, which was first developed in the 1970s and used to assess the likelihood that the newborn will experience respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
- The maturation of the pulmonary system advances with growing gestational age as fetal lung development happens gradually.
- Alveoli don't collapse during expiration thanks to the surfactant's impact. Phospholipids, proteins, and lipids are all components of the surfactant.
- The phospholipids' chemical makeup is significant. One phospholipid in mature surfactant is phosphatidylcholine, also known as lecithin.
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