Answer:
The factory system replaced the domestic system, in which individual workers used hand tools or simple machinery to fabricate goods in their own homes or in workshops attached to their homes. The use of waterpower and then the steam engine to mechanize processes such as cloth weaving in England in the second half of the 18th century marked the beginning of the factory system. This system was enhanced at the end of the 18th century by the introduction of interchangeable parts in the manufacture of muskets and, subsequently, other types of goods. Prior to this, each part of a musket (or anything else assembled from multiple components) had been individually shaped by a workman to fit with the other parts. In the new system, the musket parts were machined to such precise specifications that a part of any musket could be replaced by the same part from any other musket of the same design. This advance signaled the onset of mass production, in which standardized parts could be assembled by relatively unskilled workmen into complete finished products.
The resulting system, in which work was organized to utilize power-driven machinery and produce goods on a large scale, had important social consequences: formerly, workers had been independent craftsmen who owned their own tools and designated their own working hours, but in the factory system, the employer owned the tools and raw materials and set the hours and other conditions under which the workers laboured. The location of work also changed. Whereas many workers had inhabited rural areas under the domestic system, the factory system concentrated workers in cities and towns, because the new factories had to be located near waterpower and transportation (alongside waterways, roads, or railways). The movement toward industrialization often led to crowded, substandard housing and poor sanitary conditions for the workers. Moreover, many of the new unskilled jobs could be performed equally well by women, men, or children, thus tending to drive down factory wages to subsistence levels. Factories tended to be poorly lit, cluttered, and unsafe places where workers put in long hours for low pay. These harsh conditions gave rise in the second half of the 19th century to the trade-union movement, in which workers organized in an attempt to improve their lot through collective action. (See organized labour.)
Explanation:
Answer:
To reduce soft money contributions to political parties.
it has caused spending by interest groups to increase
Explanation:
giving money to political campaigns is considered free speech:
in "citizen united v fec" the supreme court said because corporations giving money to political campaigns is considered free speech and the government cant restrict it. giving money is protected under the first amendment
Soft money is unregulated donations to political parties for general "party-building" purposes, not the support of a particular candidate so it avoid various legal limitations
Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act aka McCain-Feingold Act is a major amendment of the Federal Election Campaign Act 1971 passed by the US congress in 2002. Its goal was to reduce the increased use of soft money to fund advertising by political parties.
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True, Starting as early as the 1945 Pan-African Congress, Gold Coast's American-educated, independence leader Kwame Nkrumah made his focus clear.
Answer:
His presidency saw the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act, which established the Food and Drug Administration to regulate food safety, and the Hepburn Act, which increased the regulatory power of the Interstate Commerce Commission.
Explanation:
The TVA Act signed into law in 1933 Top right: President Franklin D. Roosevelt led the New Dealers; Bottom: A public mural from the arts program Reform of Wall Street; relief for farmers and unemployed; Social Security; political power shifts to Democratic New Deal Coalition
