Question

Four different thermometers were used to measure the temperature of a sample of pure boiling water. The measurements are recorded in the table below.
Thermometer Temperature
Reading 1 Temperature
Reading 2 Temperature
Reading 3
W 100.1°C 99.9°C 96.9°C
X 100.4°C 102.3°C 101.4°C
Y 90.0°C 95.2°C 98.6°C
Z 90.8°C 90.6°C 90.7°C

The actual boiling point of pure water is 100.0°C.

What can be concluded from the data about the reliability and validity of the thermometers?

A.
Thermometer X has the highest validity.
B.
Thermometer Z is the most reliable.
C.
Thermometer W is the most reliable.
D.
Thermometer Y has the highest validity.

Answer 1

C.  Thermometer W is the most reliable.

Explanation:

From the given readings, we can confidently assume that  Thermometer W is the most reliable.

The readings of W are the most accurate and precise of all the given data.

   100.1°C 99.9°C 96.9°C

Average = $\frac{ 100.1°C + 99.9°C + 96.9°C}{3}$ = 99.3‬

For X:

 Average =$\frac{ 100.4 + 102.3 + 101.4 }{3}$ = 101.4

Since the boiling point is 100.0°C,

 Thermometer W is the most accurate and precise.

It only differs 0.7°C from the accurate reading.

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