There have be found some fossils of ancient remains over the years. What the fossils from Atapuerca revealed about the hominins living in Europe at this time is below:
- The Skull is known to show Interbreeding that took place with neandertals and their relatively healthy population.
- The Fragment shows that there was a possibility of cannibalism in that area.
It shows that possible cannibalism took place as there were Cutmarks on various hominin bones found at Atapuerca mirror.
The relatively healthy population was found out through the study of the dentition of the Atapuerca hominins by anthropologists. It gave them a view into their diet and overall health.
The interbreeding with the Neandertals was shown through the Nuclear DNA that was gotten from bones and teeth of bones found at Sima de los Huesos
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The hippocampus, which is found deep inside the medial temporal lobe
Firstly, the enzyme, DNA Helicase breaks the Hydrogen bonds between a specific region of the DNA molecule and unwinds the duplex DNA molecule at the targeted gene sequence site.
Then, RNA Polymerase binds at the 3` site of the gene sequence of the sense/coding strand(only one strand) that acts as the template for mRNA synthesis. RNA Polymerase then matches free nucleotides by complementary base-pairing(A-U & C=G), working in the 5`to3` direction. Hydrogen bonds then form between the complementary bases, holding the nucleotides in place. Each free adjacent nucleotide is joined at 3` ends by Condensation reactions with the other to form Phosphodiester bonds.
Once the mRNA molecule is formed, it is separated from the synthesis complex and leaves the nucleus through pores in the nuclear envelope to moves towards ribosomes for Translation.
Lastly, the DNA double helix rewinds by forming Hydrogen Bonds.
Answer: DNA contains the nucleotides guanine (G), cytosine (C), adenine (A), and thymine (T). RNA contains the nucleotides guanine (G), cytosine (C), uracil (U), and thymine (T). The difference between the two is that RNA contains uracil (U) rather than adenine (A).
The base pairs in DNA are adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine. The base pairs in RNA are uracil with thymine and guanine with cytosine.
