The debate during the Gilded Age was between "free-traders" and "protectionists". Generally, people in agriculture prefferred lower tariffs, because it enabled them to more easily export their agricultural products, which there was a surplus of in the US, and provided competition for industrial products, which would keep prices low.
For the opposite reason, people in more industrial areas of the country wanted higher tariffs, or a more protectionist policy, so that the manufacturing sector could continue to develop, and they wouldn't have to compete with foreign manufactured goods.
The answer to your question is option b
(1) passage of the fugitive slave law
Answer:
The three complete participial phrases are: respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.
Caribbean islands, coast of Central America, and coast of South America
