For this table, the reference currency is the Euro.
- The reference currency means that the euro is the base unit, the table shows how much is one euro worth in the different currencies. This can be observed on the first row of the second column where it says (euro= 1)
The exchange rate of the euro to the US dollar and most other currencies is determined by supply and demand.
- Most countries have a flexible exchange rate. This means that the government does not have a fixed exchange rate. With a fixed exchange rate the government compromises to give a given amount of money in exchange for one unit of a specific currency. Whenever, there is a flexible exchange rate, the price of another currency is determined by the incoming and outgoing capital.
According to the chart, one euro would buy 1.2149 Swiss francs.
- This can be found in the fourth row and second column of the chart.
- 1 euro = 1.2149 Swiss francs
It would cost 1.28 US dollars to buy one euro.
- 1 euro = 1.28 US dollars
- This can be found in the last row and second column of the chart.
The Great Schism of 1378 split the center of the papacy between east and west.
The schism of 1378 is also sometimes known as the Western Schism. There were competing popes claiming the authority of that office and the allegiance of Catholics in Europe. The schism began in the years that followed the Avignon period of the papacy, when the papal headquarters had been moved from Rome to the borders of France.
The Great Schism of 1054 included theological issues, but was also a power struggle in the church that led to mutual declarations of excommunication between the pope in Rome and the patriarch of Constantinople. It split the western church (the Roman Catholic Church) from what has become known as the Eastern Orthodox Church. "Catholic" means universal -- the Roman pope was intent on asserting his leadership over all of Christendom. "Orthodox" means "right teaching." The Eastern patriarch and church were asserting their teachings to be right over against positions held in the West. There were a number of doctrinal issues debated hotly between East and West over the centuries leading up to the split in 1054. But more than anything, that split too came down to "church power" -- who held control over the church.
The Middle Ages was the period between the 5th and the 15th century in European history. It begins with the <em>fall of the Western Roman Empire</em> and ends with either the <em>Renaissance</em> or the <em>Age of Discovery</em>.
- What were the main components that made up the culture of the Middle Ages?
There are several ways to analyze the culture of the Middle Ages. In terms of architecture, the Middle Ages saw the birth of <em>Romanesque</em> and <em>Gothic</em> architecture, mainly developed in churches and castles. Metalwork, manuscript illustration and wall-paintings were other common forms of art. <em>Christianity</em> became relevant in all aspects of life and eventually motivated the <em>Crusades</em> (wars of reconquest). After the <em>Black Death</em> arose in 1347, about 35 million people died in the next three years. However, the plague returned several times throughout the 14th century.
- What happened in the Middle Ages, intellectually, between the 11th and 14th centuries?
The main debate in intellectual life during the Middle Ages was whether <em>reason</em> could be applied to <em>faith</em>. This led to a reexploration of Platonic ideals and advances in philosophy and theology. Law was also developed through an advance of<em> Roman law</em> into areas previously dominated by <em>customary law</em>. Vernacular literature increased, even though education remained mostly a privilege of the future clergy.
<em>Scholasticism</em> is primarily a method of learning that places emphasis on <em>dialectical reasoning</em> (deciding between opposites or contradictions through logic). This method of critical thought dominated medieval universities and arose as a need to reconcile the different traditions of knowledge that existed in medieval times.
- What does the statement “pygmies standing on the shoulders of giants” mean when applied to the intellectuals of the Middle Ages and Scholasticism?
The phrase “standing on the shoulders of giants” refers to people who make some advancement in knowledge thanks to the work of previous scholars. In this case, the addition of the word “pygmy,” which refers to very small humans, implied that Medieval advancements were very limited when compared to the advancements of the <em>Classical period</em>.
Answer:
Son palabras que siempre acompañan a un sustantivo y concretan su significado. Son palabras variables: concuerdan en género y número con el sustantivo, y si tiene un adjetivo, también con él.
Explanation:
The Songhai leader who left a
legacy through the reforms in his empire was Muhammad I Askia or Muhammad Ture.
Under his governance, he began organizing his land by setting up regions which
were under the leadership of governors together with their armies under the
ruling of a general and an admiral. He
also began setting departments and offices for finance, justice, interior, agriculture,
etc. He indeed strengthened the administrative system of what his predecessor
had left unorganized. After a lot of
quests and changes in his governance, he was able to expand and strengthened
his empire. In 1528, he was defeated and overthrown by his son, Askia Musa.
