Question

Bare region on a myelinated axon where action potentials are propagated conducts action potentials away from the cell body of a neuron location where action potentials are generated by a neuron multiple branching processes of a neuron contains the nucleus and cellular organelles rough endoplasmic reticulum that produces membrane-associated proteins swelling on the ends of an axon

Answer 1

·     Bare region on a myelinated axon where action potentials are propagated is called neurofibril node. Neurofibril nodes or nodes of Ranvier are a regions that occur along a myelinated axon. On that regions, the membrane of the axon (the axolemma) is exposed to the extracellular space and this region is full of ion channels that regenerate the action potential.  


·     Axon conducts action potentials away from the cell body of a neuron. Axon or nerve fibre is a part of a neuron (together with cell body). It is a long extension which conducts electrical impulses (action potentials), away from the nerve cell body.

  ·     Location where action potentials are generated by a neuron is called axon hillock. Axon hillock is the region of the axon (the part that extends from the cell body). It precedes the initial segment which is the site of action potential initiation.  

·    Multiple branching processes of a neuron is dendrite. Dendrites are short extensions of the neuron. The function of the dendrite is to propagate the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body. Dendrites receive the signal via synapses.  

·    Cell body contains the nucleus and cellular organelles. Neuron (nerve cell) is the cell which consists of a cell body (soma), dendrites, and an axon. Each of them has a different function, dendrites receive the information (electrical or chemical signal), soma process the information, and axon transmits it.


  ·     Rough endoplasmic reticulum that produces membrane-associated proteins is called chromatophilic substance (Nissl body). Nissl body is a granular body in neurons which is the site of protein synthesis. It was named after a German neuropathologist Franz Nissl, who invented the Nissl staining method.  

·    Swelling on the ends of an axon is called synaptic knob. Synaptic knob or which is also called synaptic bouton is one of up to 50 swellings at the terminal branches of a neuron. Synaptic knob forms the endplate together with the area of invaginated muscular membrane beneath.