Answer:
1. Dividend Payment Requirements:
a. Common stock dividend rates are not fixed, unlike the preferred stock dividends. They are not cumulative like cumulative preferred stock. They are only paid when the directors declare them.
b. Preferred stockholders usually have a fixed rate of dividend. They have preference over common stockholders in dividend payments. Some preferred stockholders enjoy cumulative dividends, unlike common stockholders.
2. Common stockholders expect higher dividends than the preferred stockholders because they bear the residual business risks associated with the company.
Explanation:
Dividend income results when management declares it to be paid to the stockholders. They are usually paid out of earned income. The discretion to declare dividends lies solely with management. On the other hand, stockholders can decide to take advantage of the movements in stock prices at the stock exchange by earning capital gains through selling their shares. This income is not at the discretion of management insofar as the entity is being run profitably.
Hary is doing this to appeal to the customers’
emotional buying motives. In product buying motives, the client is drawn towards the item because of some physical or psychological fascination of the item. The item might be shabby, alluringly composed, brilliant, strong, popular, agreeable, and so on. Hence a client is inclined to get it.
Inherent risk is one of the risks auditors and analysts must look for when reviewing financial statements, along with control risk and detection risk. ... The ultimate risk posed to the company also depends on the financial exposure created by the inherent risk if the process for accounting for the exposure fails.
Answer: Increase in equilibrium quantity of fish.
Explanation: New technology allows fishing boats to catch more fish while using the same number of crew-members. This will increase supply of fish shifting the supply curve for fish to the right.
At the same time a new study shows that eating fish at least three times a week helps prevent heart attacks. This will increase demand for fish shifting the demand curve for fish to the right.
The net effect of these changes is an increase in equilibrium quantity of fish. However, the change in the price of fish cannot be determined as it depends on the magnitude of shift in the two curves.
<span>In the first stage of the marketing research approach, "defining the problem", the research objective is set.
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The Marketing research process refers to an arrangement of five stages which characterizes the errands to be expert in directing an advertising research study. These incorporate issue definition, building up a way to deal with issue, look into plan detailing, field work, information planning and investigation, and generating report and introduction.
