The mechanism transmits rotary motion to reciprocating is the crank and slider. <span>A crank and slider mechanism changes straight-line motion into rotation motion. Typically found in piston engines or piston pumps, this design consists of a rod that connects to a rotating driving beam and a sliding body.</span>
You have to use this format for example $A$2
The format for absolute reference is designated with a dollar sign ($). If both column and, put a dollar sign before and in between the row and column. By doing this, column and row do not change when copied.
Brute force. He's not using any information to mathematically derive information about the key, just trying all possibilities. With modern key sizes this is typically not a successful approach.