Diatoms contain chloroplasts that have four membranes. These four membranes are evidence of secondary endosymbiosis (Option c).
<h3>What is secondary endosymbiosis?</h3>
Secondary endosymbiosis is a hypothesis used to explain why diatom chloroplasts have four membranes.
According to this hypothesis, diatoms received different genes from distinct photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic ancestors.
The acquisition of genes of different ancestors led to diatoms having chloroplasts with four membranes.
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The vitamin that plays an important roles in the epithelia and in the synthesis of visual pigments is vitamin A.
Vitamin A (retinol) is needed for the synthesis of photopigments. The photopigment rhodopsin is synthesized withinside the rods and is answerable for imaginative and prescient beneathneath low ranges of light. When nutritional reassets of diet A are insufficient for a protracted length of time, the quantity of visible pigment withinside the photoreceptors declines.
Vitamin A (VitA) is a micronutrient this is important for preserving imaginative and prescient, selling boom and development, and defensive epithelium and mucus integrity withinside the body.Vitamin A is critical for lots physiological processes, which includes preserving the integrity and feature of all floor tissues (epithelia): for example, the skin, the liner of the respiration tract, the gut, the bladder, the internal ear and the eye.
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Answer/Explanation:
The DNA in all living organisms is made up of 4 bases, adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine. The RNA replaces thymine with uracil, making 5 types of nucleotide. The number of nucleotide pairs in a genome can range from half a million up to 100,000 million - meaning there are an exponential number of combinations of these 4 bases.
Imagine an organism exists that has only 2 nucleotides (<u><em>this is over 200,000x smaller than even the smallest bacterial genome</em></u>). If we allow any nucleotide at each of the 2 positions, then we have 4x4 (4²) or 16 possible combinations of sequences. For a nucleotide length of 4, the total number of possible combinations are 4⁴ or 256.
Since we are dealing with many millions of nucleotides, there are essentially infinite combinations of nucleotides, giving rise to the variation that produces over 20 million organisms on the planet.
C. Rashelle needs more than the usual number of drinks to feel high
